有类地址

A 0xxxxxxx 1.0.0.1~126.255.255.254 8 bit network id
B 10xxxxxx 127.0.0.1~191.255.255.254 16
C 110xxxxx 192.0.0.1~223.255.255.254 24
D 1110xxxx 224.0.0.1~239.255.255.254 32

私有网络( 不能被公共Internet看见, 用NAT 转换)

10.0.0.0 ~10.255.255.255

172.16.0.0~172.31.255.255

192.168.0.0~192.168.255.255

VLSM

CIDR (无类域间路由 classless interdomain routing)

路由协议

距离向量协议 链路状态协议
Bellman-ford Dijkstra (shortest path first)
EIGRP, RIP OSPF,IS-IS
定时更新 30s 容易产生loop
split horizon、trigger update,holddown-timer

AD (administrative distance)

BGP 20
RIGRP 90
OSPF 110
IS-IS 115
RIP 120

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